Thompson's group F′ is an O*-group: Positive conjugacy semigroups in Thompson's group F′

We give an explicit countable simple example for the Mal’cev–Fuchs question whether a simple O*-group exists, posed in 1963 and 1965. Every bi-invariant partial order on the commutator subgroup F′ of Thompson’s group F extends to a bi-invariant total order. Every partial positive cone lies in one of four cones determined by slopes at the leftmost or rightmost support endpoint. The central ingredient is a factorization theorem for right-moving one-bump maps with the same support: equality of their two endpoint slopes is equivalent to a sufficiently large power of one being a product of the corresponding number of conjugates of the other, supported on that interval. The proof combines bounded drift in orbit coordinates with a uniform correction bound from the commutator width of F′.

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